A newly formed island has emerged in the northern Caspian Sea, confirmed by Russian scientists following months of satellite observation and field research. First spotted in late 2024 via satellite imagery, the sandbank appeared to break the surface of the water roughly 30 kilometers southwest of Maly Zhemchuzhny Island—near the boundary between Europe and Asia. By mid-2025, an expedition team verified the feature’s presence, noting that it barely rises above sea level. Experts link its emergence to a long-term decline in the Caspian Sea’s water level, a trend fueled by increased evaporation from climate warming and regional tectonic shifts.
According to a statement from the Russian research team, satellite data in November 2024 showed an unusual build-up of sediment visible above the waterline. When a research vessel reached the site, scientists encountered a flat, damp sand formation, dotted with shallow ridges and only slightly elevated above the surrounding sea. Due to poor weather and extremely shallow waters, the team couldn’t land on the island. Instead, they deployed drones to capture aerial images, confirming both the shape and scale of the new landmass. The photographs revealed a barren, sandy stretch with no vegetation, surrounded by shifting shallow waters.
This emerging island offers valuable insight into the dynamic interplay between geology and climate in the Caspian region. Scientists note that similar features have periodically appeared during previous low-water periods, such as the temporary exposure of the Kumani Bank near Azerbaijan. While the current island may not be permanent, it could still become an important ecological site—possibly serving as a nesting area for seabirds or a haul-out spot for Caspian seals. Its evolution will be closely watched to determine whether it stabilizes, erodes, or expands over time.
Beyond its physical formation, the island symbolizes broader environmental shifts occurring in the region. As the Caspian Sea continues to retreat due to both climatic and tectonic forces, such features may become more common—reshaping coastlines and ecosystems in the process. For scientists, this is not only a rare geological event but also a valuable indicator of how inland seas respond to the pressures of a changing planet.
