Amazon Restores AWS Cloud After Global Outage Disrupts Major Apps and Businesses

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Amazon (AMZN.O) said its AWS cloud services had fully recovered by Monday afternoon following a massive outage that disrupted businesses and websites worldwide, including major platforms such as Snapchat, Reddit, Venmo, and Zoom. While all core systems were back online, Amazon noted that some AWS services still faced a backlog of messages expected to clear within hours.

The outage, which began earlier in the day, briefly knocked thousands of companies offline across Europe, Asia, and the Americas, halting digital payments, travel bookings, and business operations. It was the largest internet disruption since the CrowdStrike crash of 2024, underscoring the fragility of global cloud infrastructure.

According to Amazon, the failure originated in the US-EAST-1 region — AWS’s oldest and largest data center cluster in northern Virginia, which has suffered similar incidents in 2020 and 2021. The root cause was traced to a malfunction in the subsystem monitoring network health for its Elastic Load Balancers, which distribute web traffic across multiple servers.

AWS explained that the issue began within its EC2 internal network, disrupting the Domain Name System (DNS) used to connect services to their databases, including the DynamoDB API, which stores critical user data.

Experts said the incident exposes the world’s dependence on a few dominant cloud providers. “This outage once again highlights the dependency we have on relatively fragile infrastructures,” said Jake Moore, cybersecurity advisor at ESET. Nishanth Sastry, of the University of Surrey, added that the disruption showed “the risk of relying on just one service provider.”

The outage’s ripple effects hit a wide range of sectors. Financial institutions including Lloyds Bank, Bank of Scotland, and HMRC, as well as telecom firms BT and Vodafone, reported temporary downtime in the UK. In the U.S., Coinbase, Robinhood, Perplexity, and Lyft experienced interruptions, while gaming services like Fortnite, Roblox, and Clash Royale also went dark. Even Amazon’s own Prime Video, Alexa, and shopping platform were affected.

Despite the chaos, Wall Street shrugged off the disruption, sending Amazon shares up 1.6% to $216.48 by market close. Experts estimate that hours of cloud downtime can translate into millions of dollars in lost productivity for large companies, a reminder of the growing risks in the digital economy.

Starboard’s Jeff Smith Urges Tripadvisor to Explore Sale of TheFork or Entire Company

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Starboard Value CEO Jeff Smith called on Tripadvisor (TRIP.O) to consider selling its restaurant reservation platform TheFork—and potentially the entire company—as part of a broader effort to unlock shareholder value. Speaking at the 13D Monitor Active Passive Investment Summit in New York, Smith said Tripadvisor’s brand remains “amazing,” but the company has “a huge opportunity to transform and reimagine the user experience to improve revenue growth.”

Tripadvisor operates three main businesses: its flagship travel review and hotel booking platform, Viator, which specializes in tours and experiences, and TheFork, a restaurant booking service. Smith said TheFork, being “the most easily separable and least integrated” of the trio, could be sold “at an attractive multiple.” He also raised the possibility of divesting or restructuring the entire company to unlock more value.

Starboard, which has built a 9% stake in Tripadvisor this year, has been in discussions with the company’s management for weeks. Smith argued that Tripadvisor is “too cheap for a company that is growing” and highlighted Viator’s potential, calling experience booking “the fastest-growing segment in travel.”

In a statement, Tripadvisor said it “values constructive engagement with all shareholders” and remains committed to driving long-term value.

Smith also pointed to significant cost-cutting opportunities within Tripadvisor’s core brand, especially if revenue growth doesn’t accelerate. The hedge fund’s proposal echoes similar activist campaigns where Starboard has pushed for structural changes and asset sales to boost shareholder returns.

China’s CXMT Plans $42 Billion Shanghai IPO to Fuel AI Chip Ambitions

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ChangXin Memory Technologies (CXMT), China’s leading memory chipmaker, is preparing for a Shanghai initial public offering (IPO) as early as the first quarter of 2026, targeting a valuation of up to 300 billion yuan ($42.1 billion), according to sources familiar with the matter. The listing would mark one of China’s largest tech IPOs in years and a major step in Beijing’s drive for semiconductor self-sufficiency.

Founded in 2016 with state backing, CXMT is China’s main producer of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) chips — a market long dominated by Samsung, SK Hynix, and Micron Technology. The company aims to raise between 20 billion and 40 billion yuan, two sources said, while a third suggested about 30 billion yuan, with a prospectus possibly unveiled in November.

CXMT’s IPO plans come amid a surge in Chinese semiconductor stocks, with the CSI CN Semiconductor Index up nearly 49% this year. The firm has already begun pre-IPO “counselling” procedures with China International Capital Corporation and CSC Financial, both state-backed investment banks.

The proceeds will help finance CXMT’s aggressive push into high bandwidth memory (HBM) — an advanced form of DRAM critical for AI chips and data center processors such as those used in Nvidia’s GPUs. The company is building an HBM packaging plant in Shanghai, targeting initial production by late 2025 and mass output of HBM3 chips by 2026.

CXMT’s expansion is especially vital after U.S. trade restrictions cut off China’s access to advanced HBM chips last year. Analysts at TechInsights estimate the firm’s capital expenditure at $6–7 billion across 2023–2024, with a further 5% increase in 2025. The company’s initial HBM wafer capacity will reach about 30,000 per month, roughly one-fifth that of SK Hynix.

If successful, the IPO could attract heavy domestic investor demand, seen as both a financial opportunity and a patriotic play in China’s race to achieve technological independence.