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UK Judge Warns Lawyers Against Using AI to Cite Fake Cases, Threatens Sanctions

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London’s High Court issued a stern warning on Friday that lawyers who rely on artificial intelligence to cite fabricated or non-existent legal cases risk being held in contempt of court or facing criminal charges. The caution comes amid growing concerns about generative AI tools, such as ChatGPT, leading legal professionals astray.

Judge Victoria Sharp condemned lawyers in two recent cases who used AI-generated arguments containing fake case law. She urged legal regulators and industry leaders to take stronger actions to ensure lawyers understand their ethical duties regarding AI use.

“There are serious implications for the administration of justice and public confidence in the justice system if artificial intelligence is misused,” Judge Sharp said in her written ruling. She stressed the need for practical, effective measures from those responsible for legal regulation and leadership within the profession.

Since generative AI tools became widely accessible over the past two years, lawyers globally have faced scrutiny for referencing false authorities in court. Sharp emphasized that lawyers who cite non-existent cases breach their duty not to mislead courts, which can amount to contempt of court.

In the most severe instances, deliberately submitting false information with intent to disrupt justice could constitute the criminal offence of perverting the course of justice, she warned.

While legal regulators and the judiciary have issued guidance on AI use by lawyers, Judge Sharp said guidance alone is insufficient to curb misuse and called for stronger enforcement and leadership.

Tommy Robinson Faces New Contempt of Court Claim Over Breach of High Court Order

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Tommy Robinson, whose real name is Stephen Yaxley-Lennon, is confronting a new contempt of court claim following alleged breaches of a High Court order from 2021. The latest application, lodged earlier this month, was served to Robinson via his X account on Wednesday, according to the Attorney General’s Office (AGO).

The new claim centers on Robinson’s alleged violations of an injunction that barred him from repeating libellous statements. This order came after Robinson lost a libel case brought by a Syrian refugee. Law officers accuse Robinson of infringing this injunction through multiple actions between June and July of this year.

In addition to the recent contempt application, Robinson previously faced an arrest warrant for failing to attend a court hearing related to another alleged contempt case. He had left the UK for a holiday in Cyprus, leading Mr Justice Johnson to issue the warrant, though it was later deferred to give Robinson a chance to voluntarily attend the next hearing or apply to have the warrant set aside.

The upcoming hearing for both contempt applications is scheduled for 28 October. Robinson was initially served with contempt proceedings in June, with the Solicitor General stating that Robinson had “knowingly” breached the order by publishing, authorizing, or procuring a film in May of the previous year. Further claims suggest Robinson repeated the banned allegations in interviews and during a Trafalgar Square demonstration in July 2023.

Following the demonstration, Robinson was also arrested under Schedule 7 of the Terrorism Act 2000 for an incident at the Channel Tunnel in Folkestone.