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ECB Sees No AI Job Losses

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The European Central Bank has indicated that artificial intelligence is currently improving productivity across the euro area without triggering widespread job reductions.

ECB President Christine Lagarde stated that while automation technologies are becoming more integrated into business operations, their impact on employment levels has not yet materialized in the form of significant layoffs.

Officials noted that productivity gains are emerging as companies adopt digital tools to enhance efficiency. However, the broader effects on labour markets remain under close observation as technological adoption continues to evolve.

The ECB emphasized the importance of monitoring future developments, acknowledging ongoing debates about the long-term implications of automation for workforce stability.

The remarks reflect a cautious outlook on how AI-driven transformation may reshape economic activity and employment patterns over time.

European Commission says MiCA rules already tackle stablecoin risks

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The European Commission said on Friday that the EU’s landmark crypto regulation, MiCA, already provides a robust framework to handle risks linked to stablecoins, pushing back against the European Central Bank’s call for stricter safeguards.

Stablecoins—digital tokens tied to fiat currencies like the U.S. dollar or euro—have grown rapidly in recent years, prompting debate over how they should be regulated. While the United States has moved to promote their use, the ECB has warned that some models could threaten financial stability.

At the center of the dispute is whether multinational stablecoin issuers can treat tokens created inside and outside the EU as interchangeable under MiCA’s “multi-issuance” model. In a letter to EU Commissioner Maria Luis Albuquerque this week, six crypto trade groups, including Circle, urged Brussels to clarify that such structures are allowed.

A Commission spokesperson told Reuters that MiCA already provides “a proportionate framework for addressing risks” and said guidance confirming how multi-issuance operates will be published “as soon as possible.”

The ECB’s Systemic Risk Board, chaired by Christine Lagarde, argues that cross-border token issuance could lead to runs on EU reserves if holders outside the bloc attempt to redeem with EU entities during market stress. Stablecoin issuers, however, maintain that adequate reserve management can prevent such instability.

Analysts at J.P. Morgan said this week that 99% of all stablecoins are pegged to the U.S. dollar, noting that the sector’s global expansion could further boost demand for the greenback.

EU Risk Watchdog Urges Swift Action on Stablecoin Safeguards

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The European Union’s financial risk watchdog has called for urgent safeguards on stablecoins that are only partially issued within the bloc, echoing growing concerns from the European Central Bank (ECB) about the potential for destabilizing financial runs.

Stablecoins — cryptocurrencies pegged to traditional reserve assets such as fiat currencies or commodities — are designed to maintain price stability. However, the European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB) warned that stablecoins issued both inside and outside the EU present inherent structural risks.

“Third-country multi-issuer schemes — with fungible stablecoins circulating both in the EU and abroad — have built-in vulnerabilities which require an urgent policy response,” the ESRB said in a statement.

RISK OF RUNS AND LIQUIDITY STRAINS

The ECB, led by Christine Lagarde, fears that if confidence in such stablecoins falters, investors could rush to redeem their holdings in the EU, where regulatory protections are strongest.
Such a scenario could lead to liquidity shortages, as EU-based reserves may be insufficient to cover redemptions — potentially forcing the ECB to intervene to stabilize markets.

Lagarde has consistently emphasized that stablecoin issuers operating in the EU and abroad must be held to identical standards, to prevent regulatory loopholes that could import external financial risk into the bloc.

REGULATORY GAPS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS

Under the EU’s Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulation — one of the world’s most comprehensive crypto frameworks — stablecoins are required to be fully backed by liquid reserves.
However, in “multi-issuer” arrangements, where an EU entity and a non-EU entity jointly issue a stablecoin, the stricter EU rules do not apply to the foreign partner. This creates regulatory asymmetry that may allow risk to flow into the EU system.

The ESRB warned that multi-function financial groups issuing stablecoins across jurisdictions may fall under more lenient regimes than traditional financial conglomerates, heightening the risk of divergent prudential standards and undermining the integrity of EU financial supervision.

A CALL FOR COORDINATED OVERSIGHT

The watchdog urged EU institutions to close these gaps quickly through policy coordination and international cooperation to ensure that global stablecoin systems do not exploit differences between regulatory frameworks.

The ESRB’s statement comes as the European Union prepares to implement MiCA fully by 2026, amid growing debate about how to integrate emerging crypto technologies into the region’s financial stability architecture without stifling innovation.