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Panasonic Energy Aims to Cut China Supply for U.S. EV Battery Business Amid Tariff Concerns

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Panasonic Energy, a key supplier of electric vehicle (EV) batteries to Tesla and other automakers, has set its top priority to eliminate its reliance on China for U.S.-made batteries, according to a senior executive. Allan Swan, President of Panasonic Energy of North America, told Reuters that adjusting the company’s supply chain is its “No.1 objective” in response to the incoming policies of U.S. President-elect Donald Trump, who has pledged to impose significant tariffs on imported goods, including a 60% tariff on Chinese products.

Panasonic Energy, a subsidiary of Japanese electronics giant Panasonic, currently relies on some Chinese suppliers, though Swan emphasized that the company is working towards reducing this dependence. “We do have some Chinese supply, but we don’t have a lot, and we plan to have even less going forward,” Swan stated. The shift is being accelerated by the potential tariffs and is part of Panasonic’s broader strategy to strengthen its American supply chain.

The raw materials used in Panasonic Energy’s U.S.-manufactured batteries primarily come from international suppliers, including those based in Canada. In response to President Trump’s transition team’s recommendation to impose tariffs on battery materials, Panasonic is taking a “three-pronged approach” to modify its supply chain. This includes securing more U.S. suppliers, supporting Japanese and Korean suppliers to set up operations in the U.S., and collaborating with existing suppliers already planning U.S.-based operations.

Swan emphasized that Panasonic Energy’s focus is on building a robust domestic supply chain to meet U.S. production targets. The company operates a factory in Nevada and plans to open another in Kansas later this year. These efforts are part of Panasonic’s broader goal of aligning with U.S. trade policies and increasing local production as the U.S. shifts toward greater protectionism.

Japanese firms, including major automakers like Nissan and Honda, are bracing for the potential impacts of U.S. tariffs, particularly those targeting Mexico, a key low-cost production hub for the American market. Heavy machinery company Komatsu has also voiced concerns about the potential trade disruptions between the U.S. and Canada.

 

Lithium’s Role in EU’s Landmark Trade Deal with South America

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On December 6, after 25 years of negotiations, the European Union (EU) and five Mercosur countries—Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia—reached a monumental trade agreement. This deal is poised to create one of the largest free trade zones globally, impacting over 700 million people and accounting for around 20% of global GDP.

The trade pact aims to foster increased trade and investment, reduce tariff and non-tariff barriers, and establish stable rules around sustainable development. However, not all EU members support the deal. Countries like France and Poland are concerned it might create unfair competition, particularly in agriculture.

Despite limited media attention, lithium—often called “white gold” due to its high value and key role in technology—emerged as a central element of the agreement. According to analysts at ING, lithium’s significance was perhaps understated, even though the EU is highly dependent on China for critical raw materials and Latin American countries, including Argentina, Brazil, and Bolivia, hold substantial lithium reserves. This strategic access is vital as Europe increasingly demands lithium for industries like electric vehicles and renewable energy.

Latin America is responsible for about 35% of global lithium supply, with Chile and Argentina being the largest contributors. The region also holds more than half of the world’s lithium reserves, underscoring its importance in the global shift to cleaner energy.

Strategic Implications

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen emphasized that the trade deal could save EU companies €4 billion annually in export duties. Kaja Kallas, the EU’s foreign policy chief, highlighted that the agreement would ensure European access to critical raw materials, mitigating the risk of competitors filling the void.

The deal became feasible after shifts in global dynamics, such as rising protectionism and strategic considerations regarding China’s growing influence in Latin America. Federico Steinberg from the Center for Strategic and International Studies noted that the EU would gain enhanced access to public procurement markets, high-value services, and vital raw materials like lithium, while also reducing tariffs on agricultural products.

Germany’s industrial federation (BDI) praised the deal, viewing it as a crucial step toward securing raw materials for electromobility and renewable energy industries. In a time of increasing global trade fragmentation, the EU-Mercosur agreement stands as a strategic move to bolster free trade and access to critical resources.