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China tightens rare earths export rules, adds semiconductor and defense curbs

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China sharply expanded its rare earths export restrictions on Thursday, adding five new elements and imposing stricter controls on semiconductor and defense users, in a move seen as tightening Beijing’s grip on critical materials ahead of Trump–Xi talks later this month.

The Ministry of Commerce said the new rules include holmium, erbium, thulium, europium, and ytterbium, bringing the total number of restricted rare earths to 12. Dozens of refining technologies were also added to the control list, while foreign companies using Chinese materials or equipment will now need a Chinese export licence — even if the finished product is made abroad.

China produces over 90% of the world’s processed rare earths, which are vital for EVs, aircraft engines, radars, and advanced chips. The new curbs come amid escalating U.S.–China tech tensions, following American calls to expand chip export bans.

Beijing said the rules will take effect November 8, with extra measures for foreign users from December 1. It also stated that defense-related users will not be granted licences, and chipmakers working on 14-nanometer or smaller chips and AI with military potential will face case-by-case reviews.

“The move helps Beijing gain leverage ahead of the Trump–Xi summit,” said Tim Zhang of Edge Research. Analysts described the controls as part of a global supply chain split, with China localizing production while the U.S. and allies accelerate their own.

Shares in Chinese and U.S. rare earth firms surged on the news, as investors braced for a new phase of strategic competition over the world’s most critical materials.

AI Chipmaker Cerebras Withdraws U.S. IPO Filing After $1.1 Billion Fundraising Round

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Cerebras Systems, the California-based AI chip startup seen as one of the most promising challengers to Nvidia, has withdrawn its planned U.S. initial public offering (IPO), according to a regulatory filing on Friday. The decision takes effect immediately and comes just days after the company closed a massive $1.1 billion funding round.

The move surprised some investors given that U.S. IPO activity has recently rebounded sharply, buoyed by surging enthusiasm for AI-related stocks. Recent debuts, such as Fermi’s data center REIT listing, have drawn strong investor demand, reversing a slump caused by trade-policy and market uncertainty earlier in the year.

Analysts said the withdrawal likely reflects strategic timing rather than weak market sentiment. “Given that Cerebras just very recently completed a sizeable fund raise, it is of no surprise that they are holding off to pursue the IPO at this time,” said Josef Schuster, CEO of IPO research firm IPOX.

Cerebras’ latest financing round—led by Fidelity Management & Research and Atreides Management—valued the company at $8.1 billion and included participation from Tiger Global, Valor Equity Partners, and 1789 Capital, a fund partially linked to Donald Trump Jr.

Despite withdrawing the IPO filing, CEO Andrew Feldman emphasized that the company still intends to go public eventually. “We’re continuing to execute on our roadmap,” he said earlier in the week, noting that Cerebras’ focus remains on scaling production and commercialization of its high-performance AI chips designed to accelerate the training of large models.

The company had initially filed for a Nasdaq listing last year, but the process was delayed by a U.S. national security review of a $335 million investment from G42, an Abu Dhabi-based cloud and AI firm. That review reportedly examined potential concerns about foreign influence and technology transfer.

Industry observers view Cerebras’ decision as a pause, not a retreat. “This is more a company-specific strategic decision and does not tell us anything about the state of U.S. IPO sentiment, which we view as exceptionally strong,” Schuster added.

Founded in Sunnyvale, California, Cerebras Systems specializes in ultra-large AI processors and computing systems, including its flagship Wafer Scale Engine (WSE), a chip designed to massively outperform traditional GPUs in AI workloads. The company has become a key player in the rapidly expanding AI hardware ecosystem—one now defined by fierce competition, colossal valuations, and geopolitical scrutiny.

Samsung and SK Hynix Surge After OpenAI Chip Partnership Boosts AI Optimism

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Shares of Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix soared on Thursday after OpenAI announced a major partnership with the two South Korean chipmakers to support its massive Stargate artificial intelligence data centre project in the United States.

Samsung Electronics jumped 4.7%, reaching its highest level in more than four years, while SK Hynix surged 12% to an all-time high, adding a combined $37 billion in market capitalization.
The rally also lifted South Korea’s benchmark KOSPI index by more than 3%, marking a new record.

MARKET REACTION AND ANALYST INSIGHT

Analysts said the partnership could dispel earlier market fears about potential declines in high-bandwidth memory (HBM) chip prices amid rising competition.

“Such worries will be easily resolved by this strategic partnership,” wrote Jeff Kim, analyst at KB Securities, predicting a sharp rise in chip demand driven by the Stargate project.
Kim added that, since Stargate is a key U.S. government-backed initiative led by President Donald Trump, the collaboration could also positively influence trade negotiations between Washington and Seoul.

DETAILS OF THE PARTNERSHIP

The deal — part of the $500 billion Stargate project aimed at building next-generation AI infrastructure — will see OpenAI, Samsung, and SK Hynix jointly work on semiconductor procurement and the construction of two data centres in South Korea, referred to as a “Korean-style Stargate.”
Each data centre will start with a 20-megawatt capacity, and Seoul hopes the project will help position South Korea as an Asian AI hub, given that the country already ranks second globally in the number of paying ChatGPT subscribers after the United States.

WIDER IMPACT ON SAMSUNG AFFILIATES

Other Samsung affiliates also gained sharply on the news:

  • Samsung SDI rose on expectations of increased demand for advanced power systems.

  • Samsung C&T and Samsung SDS advanced after confirming new roles in AI data centre construction and infrastructure partnerships with OpenAI.

STRONGER EXPORT OUTLOOK

The AI-driven semiconductor boom has been a key factor in South Korea’s economic rebound, with exports rising in September at their fastest pace in 14 months, defying concerns about the impact of U.S. tariffs.
Seoul hopes to finalize a trade agreement with the United States by late October, following a preliminary deal reached in July that would lower tariffs on South Korean imports in exchange for a $350 billion U.S. investment package.

However, officials have said talks have stalled over concerns about foreign exchange risks and the structure of the investment commitments.