NASA Identifies A Life-Supporting Energy Source And Molecule On Saturn’s Icy Moon

In a recent study, the identification of a vital life ingredient and potent energy sources that can initiate it has been revealed.Researchers have uncovered evidence of a fundamental life ingredient and a robust energy source that could potentially sustain life on Saturn’s frigid moon, Enceladus.

It was already known that the giant plumes of water vapour and ice grains thrown out by Enceladus are rich with organic compounds, some of which are important for life as we know it to exist. But now, researchers have taken it another step further. They analysed data from NASA’s Cassini mission and found confirmation that hydrogen cyanide, a key life molecule, exists on the icy moon.

They also confirmed that the ocean that hides under the moon’s icy outer shell holds a powerful source of chemical energy. The study published in the journal Nature Astronomy reveal that there may be more chemical energy inside the moon than previously understood. The higher the energy available, the higher the chances of life existing.

“Our work provides further evidence that Enceladus is host to some of the most important molecules for both creating the building blocks of life and for sustaining that life through metabolic reactions. Not only does Enceladus seem to meet the basic requirements for habitability, we now have an idea about how complex biomolecules could form there, and what sort of chemical pathways might be involved,” said lead author Jonah Peter in a press statement.

The latest study provides evidence of additional chemical energy sources that surpass the potency and diversity of methane production. This implies the existence of numerous chemical pathways that could facilitate the formation of life in Enceladus’s subsurface ocean.

Unlike previous research, which, according to NASA, focused on lab experiments and geochemical modelling, the new work depended on detailed statistical analysis. The researchers looked at data collected by Cassini’s ion and neutral mass spectrometer. That instrument studied gas, ions and ice grains around Saturn.