Rights advocates, including free speech groups, have expressed concerns after reports surfaced that the U.S. State Department plans to use artificial intelligence (AI) to revoke the visas of foreign students accused of supporting Palestinian Hamas militants. The initiative, dubbed “Catch and Revoke,” is set to involve AI-assisted reviews of social media accounts belonging to tens of thousands of student visa holders.
This move has raised alarm among groups like the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression (FIRE) and pro-Palestinian organizations. They argue that AI cannot accurately assess the nuances of expressions related to the highly complex and long-standing Israeli-Palestinian conflict. They also warn that relying on AI for such sensitive matters could infringe on First Amendment rights to free speech and assembly.
According to reports, the State Department is reviewing news reports of anti-Israel demonstrations and lawsuits alleging antisemitism related to foreign nationals. Fox News additionally reported that the department had revoked the visa of a student involved in what it described as “Hamas-supporting disruptions.”
Sarah McLaughlin, a scholar at FIRE, emphasized that AI tools are incapable of grasping the subtleties of political expression concerning the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee called the reported plan an “alarming erosion of constitutionally protected free speech and privacy rights.”
While the State Department did not comment directly, Secretary of State Marco Rubio stated that the U.S. has “zero tolerance for foreign visitors who support terrorists,” reaffirming that violations of U.S. law, including by international students, could lead to visa denial, revocation, and deportation.
This initiative follows actions by the Trump administration, which has taken a hard stance on pro-Palestinian protests, including pledging to deport non-citizen students involved in such protests. Additionally, Trump has threatened to cut federal funding to educational institutions that allow what he deems illegal protests.
The broader context involves the U.S. designating Hamas as a “foreign terrorist organization,” following the group’s deadly October 2023 attack that killed over 1,200 people. Israel’s subsequent military actions in Gaza have led to significant casualties and displacement, further intensifying global debate.