J.P. Morgan projects that spending on data centers could add between 10-20 basis points to the U.S. economy in 2025-2026, driven by the ongoing surge in technology investments fueled by the artificial intelligence (AI) boom. The growing demand for computing power, particularly following OpenAI’s launch of ChatGPT in 2022, has accelerated investments in data centers, which support the infrastructure necessary for AI development.
Major cloud companies, such as Microsoft and Alphabet, have been heavily investing in AI technologies, and J.P. Morgan anticipates that these investments will significantly contribute to U.S. gross domestic product (GDP). The economic boost is expected to stem from increased demand for data center construction, technology equipment, and power generation and transmission infrastructure. According to the bank’s estimates, data center spending could have contributed 0.1%-0.3% to GDP growth in 2024.
Additionally, J.P. Morgan noted that each new 5-10 gigawatt power generation capacity expansion could require up to $20 billion in investment, which would add 7 basis points to GDP. As U.S. power consumption is expected to hit record levels in 2025 and 2026, the federal government has taken action to support this growth, with President Joe Biden signing an executive order aimed at addressing the massive energy needs of rapidly expanding AI data centers.
The data center sector’s economic impact is expected to continue in the coming years, driven by advancements in AI innovation. However, J.P. Morgan cautioned that the long-term success of this growth will depend on whether the expected returns on these investments are realized, similar to previous technology booms.