Two Chinese artificial intelligence chipmakers, Moore Threads and MetaX, are seeking to raise a combined 12 billion yuan ($1.65 billion) through initial public offerings (IPOs) on Shanghai’s STAR Market, according to filings released Monday. The companies are betting that U.S. export restrictions on advanced semiconductors will drive demand for homegrown alternatives.
Beijing-based Moore Threads aims to raise 8 billion yuan, while Shanghai-based MetaX targets 3.9 billion yuan. Both firms design graphics processing units (GPUs)—vital components for AI applications—and are attempting to position themselves as domestic challengers to Nvidia, whose chips are now largely restricted from sale in China.
Their listing bids come as China accelerates its push for semiconductor self-sufficiency amid tightening U.S. sanctions. In April, Washington imposed additional curbs that banned Nvidia’s popular H20 chips from export to China. Earlier restrictions have also blocked Chinese chipmakers from using top-tier global foundries such as Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC).
Although both Moore Threads and MetaX acknowledged in their IPO filings that U.S. sanctions present operational challenges, they also highlighted the market opportunity those restrictions have created. “U.S. restrictions… are prompting Chinese companies to accelerate domestic substitution,” Moore Threads stated. Similarly, MetaX noted that geopolitical pressures are “forcing domestic clients to use domestically-produced GPU products.”
Financially, both firms remain deep in the red.
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Moore Threads reported 2024 revenue of 438 million yuan but posted a loss of 1.49 billion yuan, adding to losses of 1.67 billion yuan in 2023 and 1.84 billion yuan in 2022.
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MetaX had 2024 revenue of 743 million yuan with a 1.4 billion yuan loss, following losses of 871 million yuan in 2023 and 777 million yuan in 2022.
Despite these losses, analysts say that access to China’s capital markets is critical for these startups to scale R&D and reach economies of scale. “Moore Threads and MetaX are both considered leading GPU firms in China,” said He Hui, semiconductor research director at Omdia. “IPO funding is essential to sustain innovation and growth.”
Founded in 2020, both companies were launched by veterans of major U.S. chipmakers.
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MetaX’s leadership includes former AMD executives, notably Chairman Chen Weiliang, AMD’s former global head of GPU product line design.
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Moore Threads was founded by ex-Nvidia personnel, including Chairman Zhang Jianzhong, previously Nvidia’s general manager in China.
These two firms join a rapidly expanding field of Chinese AI chipmakers such as Huawei, Cambricon, and Hygon, all seeking to fill the void left by restricted foreign chip supply and capitalize on Beijing’s semiconductor independence ambitions.